Etymological studies of the common Turkic etymons “bul”, “bod”, “tom”, “jap”, “еŋ”

Abstract

The article outlines the theoretical and methodological foundations of the search for the origin and history of the word and its meaning, i.e. methods and ways of etymology, which are analyzed using the example of the common Turkic etymons “bul”, “bod”, “tom”, “jap”, “eŋ”. The purpose of the article is to analyze the etymology of words using new methods and techniques and to develop scientific and theoretical foundations for the search for endings. It is proved that the main principle of etymological research is the analysis of words in the phono-morpho-semantic complex in diachronic and synchronic aspects. The research material includes monuments of Turkic writing and lexical units common to modern Turkic languages. The relevance of the topic lies in the fact that the search for the history and the search for the etymology of a word does not contain all written data and a comprehensive analysis has not been carried out. In the process of systematization and classification of search data, we use etymological and ethnolinguistic methods and techniques with the classification of word semantics into semantic, thematic and grammatical groups through complex (complex) analysis, personal (component) analysis. The importance of the study is to make sure that the etymology of the etymons common to the Turkic languages can be proved only by fully covering the data of the Turkic written monuments and modern Turkic languages. As a result of the search, the history of the common Turkic etymons “bul”, “bod”, “tom”, “jap”, “Eŋ” were proved on the basis of historical and modern data. The synchronous statics and diachronic dynamics of the common Turkic vocabulary are revealed, the sequence and complexity of language data are clarified, their interrelation and differences are demonstrated.