The linguacultural unit life as a code of Russian culture

Abstract

This article reveals the interconnection between language and human cognitive activity through the analysis of one of the basic, key linguacultural units in any language — life. Appeared in the middle of the XI century. in the phraseological system of linguoculturalism, life introduces sacredness and Christian understanding, de[1]termining the awareness of the integrity of life and death, their connection: in the context of Christianity, life was meant as a gift from God, the Creator had a unique activity, the main task of man was to take care of the vertical increase of the soul and spirit, providing the material minimum necessary to sustain existence. Sa[1]credness in the phraseological system is retained only in religious discourse, which is less mobile. Seculariza[1]tion and scientific and technological progress promoted the accumulation of life components in the core of linguoculturalism that explain the values of biological life and its social components: the government replaces God as the highest value, and service to society becomes a priority over caring for private well-being. Caring for the soul is replaced by social service and conformity with moral and ethical standards, while maintaining the negative labeling of an easy life in prosperity and the positive connotation of sacrifice and renunciation of personal pleasure. Since the end of the ХХ century there is a noticeable understanding of the value of privacy, personal space, and the right to hedonism. In the modern discourse with the discrediting of the idea of “the state as the highest value”, with the opening of borders, the Russian person begins to equip not only social and public, but also his private, personal life, to take care of both the growth of material measurements and the quality of life in general. The study of the dialectical unity of the linguistic and extra linguistic based on the comparison of phraseological units in diachrony and synchrony has revealed how the changes in the so[1]cio-political and historical-cultural life of society have been reflected in the structure of one of the dominant language units. It also allowed to conclude that the russian linguacultural unit life goes the way from aware[1]ness of the sacredness, divinity of human life and the concern for spiritual growth through social service to the state, society, and the dependent on it moral and ethical characteristic of one’s own life to focusing on the microcosm of one’s existence and rejection of someone else’s assessment and dependence on it. The practical significance of the conducted research lies in the application of the main provisions and conclusions as illus[1]trative material for courses on linguaculture