Comparative analysis of phraseological units in Kazakh, Russian, English, Chinese languages

Abstract

The article is devoted to the comparative study of phraseological units of the Kazakh, Russian, English, and Chinese languages. Language is a means of spreading culture. Phraseology is an indicator of the idiosyncrasy of the language, the national culture of each people. In this regard, currently, in linguistics, the study of phraseological units in a comparative aspect is very important. Phraseology imparts color and imagery to speech. In this article, we will consider phraseological units in Kazakh, Russian, English, and Chinese, denoting a negative psycho-emotional state of a person. As a result, this selection made it possible to establish phrasal semantic groups – 15 in the Kazakh language, 14 - in Russian, 12 - in English, 10 - in Chinese – among which stand out grief (30 - in Kazakh, 17 - in Russian, 25 - in English, 15 - in Chinese), anger (25 - in Kazakh, 27 - in Russian, 19 - in English, 18 - in Chinese), fear (30 - in Kazakh, 29 - in Russian, 32 - in English, 20 - in Chinese). In addition, taking phraseological units of the Kazakh, Russian, English, Chinese languages as a case study, the semantic meaning, image, conceptual basis of the image were considered, and their similarities and differences in the four languages were determined. As part of this work, attention will be focused on the emotion of anger, which will be considered in the Kazakh, Russian, English and Chinese languages.