ХІХ және ХХ ғасыр басында отарлауға қарсы күрестің көркемдік көріністері (Қазақ жазба ақындары шығармалары мысалында)

Abstract

The article presents extensive information about the policy of imperialism, which had a great influence on the development of the Kazakh people of the 19 th and early 20th centuries, on their political and social life, as
well as on the formation of written literature. We have studied the activities of such missionaries as
N.P. Ostroumov, S.M. Gramenitsky, A.E. Alektorov and I.N. Ilminsky. The damage caused by colonial
policy to the process of nation building was felt first and foremost by representatives of the intelligentsia,
who sought to prove that the only way to counter imperialism was enlightenment, the development of science
and education. In particular, the authors seek to reveal the literary portrait of the Kazakh intelligentsia, which
early felt the consequences of imperialism and spoke out against colonial policy. Using the historical- comparative method, the method of literary analysis, and the methods of systematization and differentiation,
an analysis was conducted of works by poets that have not yet entered into scientific circulation, in which the
grave consequences of Russian imperialism are revealed and ways out of the impasse towards the unity of the
country are proposed. In the history of the period under study, there is ample evidence that such poets as
Shadi Zhangiruly, Mailykozha Sultankozhayuly, Madeli Zhusupkozhayuly, Nuraly Nysanbayuly, Zhusupbek Shaikhislamuly, Akhtyt Ulimzhiuly, introducing the provisions of Sharia and the foundations of faith into the consciousness of the masses, rationally used the tradition of nazir. Among the works studied in the article are the historical saga of the poet Mullah Madi Merkishuly “Tukhfa-i Jumhuriyat” (A Gift to the Republic) and
“The Invasion of the Russian Army into Turkestan in 1853-1866”. The authors, through comparative
analysis, studied the works of such poets as Shakarim Kudaiberdiuly, Myrzhakyp Dulatuly, Arip Tanirbergenuly, Makysh Kaltayuly, Nurzhan Naushabayuly, Ergobek Kuttybayuly, which openly speak about
the hard times on the Kazakh land, about social problems and unfair laws of colonial policy, and also sound a
call to awaken the people