Еthnocultural semantics of phytonymic paroemias

Abstract

This article explores the ethnolinguistic nature and cultural-cognitive features of phytonyms — plant names that appear in the structure of Kazakh paroemias. Phytonyms are not merely designations of plants but constitute an important lexical layer that reflects the worldview, traditions, spiritual values, and cultural identity of the people. The main objective of the study is to identify the semantics, cultural and cognitive connotations, and symbolic meanings of plant names used in proverbs and idiomatic expressions. The article analyzes the structural, semantic, and pragmatic aspects of phytonymic paroemias, defining their role in the worldview and spiritual-cultural landscape of the Kazakh people. Special attention is given to the symbolic meanings of specific phytonyms such as zhusan (wormwood), kamys (reed), shengel (thistle), zhalbyz (mint), and arsha (juniper). Wormwood is interpreted as a sacred symbol of the homeland and national spirit; reed, as a metaphor for flexibility and adaptability; thistle, as a sign of harm or negativity; mint, as a symbol of purity and noble character; and juniper, as an emblem of sanctity and spiritual cleansing. The study reveals distinctive features of the use of phytonyms in Kazakh paroemias and highlights their strong connection to social, ecological, and philosophical contexts. The article thoroughly examines the motivational basis, cultural-symbolic connota
tion, and pragmatic function of these paroemias, emphasizing their role at the intersection of language and culture. The findings confirm that phytonymic paroemias represent a valuable cultural and linguistic heritage, embodying the cognitive experience, traditions, and core values of the Kazakh people.