The Ancient Root “Som”: Etymology and Phraseological Semantics

Abstract

This study explores the etymology of the root “som” in Kazakh language, its semantic changes, and its role in the phraseological system. The aim of the study is to determine the historical development of the root “som”, analyze its phonetic variations in Turkic languages, and examine its phraseological usage. To achieve this goal, etymological analysis, the comparative-historical method, and morphemic-component analysis were employed. The research materials include dictionaries of Kazakh literary language, phraseological and dialectological collections, historical written monuments, and Turkological studies. As a result of the study, the semantic evolution of the root “som” and its place in the phraseological system were established. Additionally, its cognitive and ethnocultural aspects were analyzed. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the historical development of Kazakh vocabulary and phraseology.